This course provides an up-to-date view of the relationship between the international law governing foreign investment and environmental protection. The analysis focuses on three main trends:

(i) the increasing role of private investment in sustainable development instruments, particularly the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda,

(ii) the increasing reference to environmental considerations in IIAs, particularly FTAs, and mega-regional agreements, and

(iii) the surge in investment disputes with environmental components in the last four years.